第二语言习得中的输入研究综述(2)

  来源: 中国汉学网

2.研究对象  
　　在以往的研究对象中，大部分是初级学习者，他们所接触的输入一般都比较简单。实际上，二语习得者中还有很多的中级学习者和高级学习者。因此，过多地选取初学者作为研究对象并不足以反映二语习得对象的整体状况。  
　　  
　　三、展望  
　　  
　　综上所述，笔者做出以下总结和展望：（1）以往的研究表明，输入话语不同、接受输入者的个体差异（年龄、性别、社会地位等）、输入方式（习得、学得等）和学习环境的差异等因素对输入在二语习得中的作用和二语习得的效果都存在着不同程度的影响。如何实现上述各环节的最佳组合是今后此类研究需要进一步探讨的方向之一。（2）今后的研究应更多地纳入书面材料，扩大研究的对象（要包含中、高级学习者），还要更多地研究语用的习得。这样才会使得输入和二语习得的研究更为全面，更具代表性和概括性。（3）随着语料库在二语习得研究中的广泛运用，更多的以真实语境中的语料作为学习者输入方式的实证研究将会涌现。（4）认知科学的兴起和广泛运用，将有助于人们对人类大脑内部语言习得机制的深入研究，对输入的认知探讨必将有助于更好地习得二语。  
　　在我国研究输入和二语习得的关系有着重大的意义。将国内外成熟的研究结果运用到我国的外语教学实际中，必将有助于我国众多的二语学习者和教授者。(作者：林　峻)
　　  
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